"Inflation is a monetary phenomenon in the same way that shooting someone is a ballistic phenomenon"
Henry Wallich, former member of the US Federal Reserve
viernes, 27 de julio de 2007
miércoles, 25 de julio de 2007
World's Worst Polluted Places 2006
* Chernobyl, Ukraine
* Dzerzhinsk, Russia
* Haina, Dominican Republic
* Kabwe, Zambia
* La Oroya, Peru
* Linfen, China
* Maiuu Suu, Kyrgyzstan
* Norilsk, Russia
* Ranipet, India
* Rudnaya Pristan/Dalnegorsk, Russia
Source: Blacksmith Institute
* Dzerzhinsk, Russia
* Haina, Dominican Republic
* Kabwe, Zambia
* La Oroya, Peru
* Linfen, China
* Maiuu Suu, Kyrgyzstan
* Norilsk, Russia
* Ranipet, India
* Rudnaya Pristan/Dalnegorsk, Russia
Source: Blacksmith Institute
sábado, 7 de julio de 2007
viernes, 6 de julio de 2007
Los tres teoremas de Kenneth Boulding
Boulding's Three Theorems
These theorems are from the work of the eminent economist Kenneth Boulding (Boulding, 1971).
First Theorem: "The Dismal Theorem"
"If the only ultimate check on the growth of population is misery, then the population will grow until it is miserable enough to stop its growth."
Second Theorem: "The Utterly Dismal Theorem"
This theorem "states that any technical improvement can only relieve misery for a while, for so long as misery is the only check on population, the [technical] improvement will enable population to grow, and will soon enable more people to live in misery than before. The final result of technical] improvements, therefore, is to increase the equilibrium population which is to increase the total sum of human misery."
Third Theorem: "The moderately cheerful form of the Dismal Theorem" :
"Fortunately, it is not too difficult to restate the Dismal Theorem in' a moderately cheerful form, which states that if something else, other then misery and starvation, can be found which will keep a prosperous population in check, the population does not have to grow until it is miserable and starves, and it can be stably prosperous."
Boulding continues, "Until we know more, the Cheerful Theorem remains a question mark. Misery we know will do the trick. This is the only surefire automatic method of bringing population to an equilibrium'. Other things may do it."
Source: link
These theorems are from the work of the eminent economist Kenneth Boulding (Boulding, 1971).
First Theorem: "The Dismal Theorem"
"If the only ultimate check on the growth of population is misery, then the population will grow until it is miserable enough to stop its growth."
Second Theorem: "The Utterly Dismal Theorem"
This theorem "states that any technical improvement can only relieve misery for a while, for so long as misery is the only check on population, the [technical] improvement will enable population to grow, and will soon enable more people to live in misery than before. The final result of technical] improvements, therefore, is to increase the equilibrium population which is to increase the total sum of human misery."
Third Theorem: "The moderately cheerful form of the Dismal Theorem" :
"Fortunately, it is not too difficult to restate the Dismal Theorem in' a moderately cheerful form, which states that if something else, other then misery and starvation, can be found which will keep a prosperous population in check, the population does not have to grow until it is miserable and starves, and it can be stably prosperous."
Boulding continues, "Until we know more, the Cheerful Theorem remains a question mark. Misery we know will do the trick. This is the only surefire automatic method of bringing population to an equilibrium'. Other things may do it."
Source: link
jueves, 5 de julio de 2007
Escala de picor
The Scoville scale is a measure of the "hotness", or more correctly, piquancy, of a chili pepper. These fruits of the Capsicum genus contain capsaicin, a chemical compound which stimulates chemoreceptor nerve endings in the skin, especially the mucus membranes. The number of Scoville heat units (SHU) indicates the amount of capsaicin present. Many hot sauces use their Scoville rating in advertising as a selling point. The scale is named after its creator, American chemist Wilbur Scoville.
Source: Wikipedia
miércoles, 4 de julio de 2007
Volatility smile
In finance, the volatility smile is a long-observed pattern in which at-the-money options tend to have lower implied volatilities than other options. The pattern displays different characteristics for different markets, and is not well understood theoretically. In particular, American equity options did not show a volatility smile before the Crash of 1987 but began showing one afterwards.
A closely related concept is that of term structure of volatility, which refers to how implied volatility differs for related options with different maturities. An implied volatility surface is a 3-D plot that combines volatility smile and term structure of volatility into a consolidated view of all options for an underlier.
Source: Wikipedia
A closely related concept is that of term structure of volatility, which refers to how implied volatility differs for related options with different maturities. An implied volatility surface is a 3-D plot that combines volatility smile and term structure of volatility into a consolidated view of all options for an underlier.
Source: Wikipedia
Peñón de Vélez de la Gomera
El Peñón de Vélez de la Gomera es una península (originalmente isla) situada en el norte de África, a 126 km al oeste de Melilla y a 117 km al sudeste de Ceuta unida al continente por una estrecha franja de arena. Tiene una extensión de 19.000 m2 aproximadamente y una altitud máxima de 87 m sobre el nivel del mar. Su única población es la pequeña guarnición militar existente en el mismo, perteneciente al Cuerpo de Regulares.
Esta isla es uno de los enclaves militares de España en el norte de África, en la costa que se extiende entre Ceuta y Melilla, cuya posesión retuvo España después de la independencia de Marruecos, debido al hecho de que su posesión databa de fechas anteriores a la propia existencia del reino marroquí y no estaba por tanto sujeta al protectorado.
En concreto este peñón fue ocupado por primera vez por los españoles el 23 de julio de 1508, cuando una escuadra española mandada por Pedro Navarro aniquiló al poderoso núcleo de piratas que lo defendían. En 1522 Muley Mohamed, señor del territorio en el que se encontraba el Peñón consiguió apoderarse del mismo. Finalmente, el 6 de septiembre de 1564, García Álvarez de Toledo y Osorio, marqués de Villafranca y Virrey de Cataluña, recupera el Peñón para España por orden de Felipe II. El Peñón de Vélez de la Gomera se ha mantenido ininterrumpidamente bajo soberanía española desde ese momento.
En 1930 el antiguo islote rocoso quedó unido a tierra firme por los efectos de un terremoto.
Coordenadas geográficas: Latitud 35º 11' 39" Norte, Longitud 04º 13' 04" Oeste.
Source: Wikipedia
La teoría del juicio final
En el número correspondiente al mes de julio de la edición española de Investigación y Ciencia aparece un interesante (aunque breve) análisis de la discusión entre J. Richard Gott y Carlton M. Caves acerca del método copernicano y su aplicación a la teoría del juicio final.
La supuesta refutación del método de Gott se halla aquí.
La supuesta refutación del método de Gott se halla aquí.
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